بررسی مولکولی جهش های ژن p53 در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان پستان با روش غیر رادیواکتیو

          p53 gene is one of the most tumor suppressor genes that causes more    than 50 percent of the human cancers. Considering the daily rise in the    incidence of breast cancer in various parts of the world , including Iran ,    there was a great need for a molecular study for determination of P53    mutations.           In this study we have used a rapid , sensitive and non-radioactive PCR-    SSCP technique to screen p53 mutations in exon 6 and 7 in 24 breast cancer    patients and the rate of mutations compared with tumor histopathology ,    age and familial predisposition by method , analysis (Fisher exact). 24    patients with primary breast cancer was selected . The samples was    determinated for tumor histopathology , age and familial predisposition for    breast cancer. DNA was extracted by two methods , boiling and phenol    chloroform and then was amplificated by PCR method. Then the product of    PCR was used for SSCP and finally the samples stained with silver staining.           Result showed that 45.8% of patients were below 35 year old. Tumor     histopathology were IDC in 83.3% and ILC in 16.7% of cases. Familial    predisposition were negative in 66.7%.  Mutations were seen in 25% cases ,    8% in exon 6 and 16.6% in exon 7. Total results with all of the above factors    studied and compared , no significant correlation between mutation in p53    gene and the case above was found.           The high rate of mutations , documented that p53 gene might play an    important role in the development of breast cancer.